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JNC TN1400 2000-006, 68 Pages, 2000/07
JNC-TN1400-2000-006.pdf:2.18MB
no abstracts in English
; Yamaguchi, Akira
JNC TN9400 2000-056, 150 Pages, 2000/05
JNC-TN9400-2000-056.pdf:6.67MB
[Purpose] The work was performed to make clear thermal-hydraulic issues resulting in the use of various coolants for fast reactors. [Method] Plant design features due to a use of working fluid other than sodium and design concepts relating a simplification of safety related systems were investigated. And based on the results, quantitative evaluation was made on the topical themal-hydraulic issues. Then both thermal stratification and striping phenomena were evaluated by the used of thermo-hydraulics computer programs. [Results] (1)Thermal-hydraulic issues Topical thermal-hydraulic issues of gaseous and heavy metal cooled reactors were extracted. (a)Gas cooled reactors : natural circulation,flow-induced vibration, depressurization accident (b)Heavy metal cooled reactors : thermal stratification, flow-induced vibration, sloshing And also the thermal-hydraulic issues relating compact reactor assembly and RVACS were extracted resulting from a simplification of safety related systems. (2)Evaluation of thermal stratification and striping phenomena. The following order of affects for the phenomena was obtained: (a) Thermal stratification: CO
Sodium Lead, (b) Thermal Striping: CO Lead Sodium
; Aoto, Kazumi; ;
JNC TN9400 2000-022, 46 Pages, 2000/03
ln this report, a study on the behaviors of the magnetization induced by mechanical damages is carried out. By introducing mechanical damages to a test-piece with a tension or/and a zero, tension fatigue testing and measuring the corresponding leakage flux signal, natural magnetization change is proved and found increasing with the mechanical damages (viz. plastic deformation or fatigue damages) though a saturation occurs when damage gets too large. From the experimental results of fatigue testing utilizing test-pieces with a central slit, it was verified that observing the natural leakage flux density (leakage flux without applying external magnetic field) is a reasonable way to identify fatigue cracks. A feature parameter (area of the 
B hysteresis curve) of the in-situ magnetic field signal measured during the fatigue testing is proposed for predicting the fatigue damages, which is found depending on the cyclic number of the applied loading. At last, residual magnetic fields of a magnetized test-piece are also measured and found depending on the applied plastic deformation in case that the plastic strain is not too small. From these experimental results, it is found that the approach detecting natural magnetization is applicable for monitoring the damage status though it may be not efficient for a scanning inspection concerning its small signal magnitude. On the other hand, the method employing permanent magnet is robust against the environment noise but possibly not valid for the ISl of a structural component with a relative low damage level. For practical application, efforts to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method are necessary for more testing conditions especially its suitability in a practical environment.
; kasahara, Naoto; ; ; Kamide, Hideki
JNC TN9400 2000-010, 168 Pages, 2000/02
JNC-TN9400-2000-010.pdf:8.78MB
Thermal striping is significant issue of the structural integrity, where the hot and cold fluids give high cycle fatigue to the structure through the thermal stress resulted from the time change of temperatur distibution in the structure. In the sodium cooled fast reactor, temperature change in fluid easily transfers to the structure because of the high thermal conductivity of the sodium. It means that we have to take care of thermal striping, The thermal striping is complex phenomena between the fluid and structure engineering fields. The investigations of thermal striping are not enough to evaluate the integrity directly. That is the fluctuation intensity at the structure surface is assumed to be temperature difference between source fluids (upstream to the mixing region) as the maximum value in the design. 0therwise, the design conditions are defined by using a mockup experiment and large margin of temperature fluctuation intensity. Furthermore, such evaluation manners have not yet been considered as a design rule. Transfer mechanism of temperature fluctuation from fluid to structure has been investigated by the authors on the view points of the fluid and structure. Attenuation of temperature fluctuation was recognized as a dominant factor of thermal fatigue. We have devdoped a numerical analysis system which can evaluate thermal fatigue and crack growth with consideration of the attenuation of temperature fluctuation in fluid, heat transfer, and structure. This system was applied to a real reactor and the applicability was confirmed. Further verification is planned to generalize the system. For the higher cost performance of the fast reactor, an evaluation rule is needed, which can estimate thermal loading with attenuation and can be applied to the design. An idea of the rule is proposed here. Two methods should be prepared; one is a precise evaluation method where mechanism of attenuation is modeled, and the other is simple evaluation method where ...
Yang Zumao*;
JNC TN9400 2000-009, 81 Pages, 2000/02
JNC-TN9400-2000-009.pdf:47.3MB
It is important to study thermal stratification and striping phenomena for they can induce thermal fatigue failure of structures. This presentation uses the AQUA code, which has been developed in Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC), to investigate the characteristics of these thermal phenomena in water, liquid sodium, liquid lead and carbon dioxide gas. There are altogether eight calculated cases with same Richardson number and initial inlet hot velocity in thermal stratification calculations, in which four cases have same velocity difference between inlet hot and cold fluid, the other four cases with same temperature difference. The calculated results show : (1) The fluid's properties and initial conditions have considerable effects on thermal stratification, which is decided by the combination of such as thermal conduction, viscous dissipation and buoyant force, etc., and (2) The gas has distinctive thermal stratification characteristics from those of liquid because for
JNC TN9400 2000-008, 323 Pages, 2000/02
JNC-TN9400-2000-008.pdf:25.2MB
This rport presents numerical results on theemal striping characteristics at a tee junction of LMFBR coolant pipe, carried out using a direct numerical simulation code DINUS-3. In the numerical investigations, it was considered a tee junction system consisted of a main pipe (1.33 cm
) with a 90
elbow and a branch pipe, and four parameters, j.e., (1)diameter ratio 
between both the pipes, (2)flow velocity ratio 
between both the pipes, (3)angle 
between both the pipes, and (4)Reynolds number Re. From the numerical investigations, the following characteristics were obtained: (1)According to the decreasing of the diameter ratio, significant area of second-order moments was expanded in the fixed condition of =1.0. (2)Significant second-order moments area was expanded for the increasing of the flow velocity ratio specified by varying of the main pipe velocity in the case of a = 1.0 constant condition. 0n the other hand, the area was expanded for the decreasing of the velocity ratio defined by varying of the branch pipe velocity in the case of a = 3.0 constant condition. (3)Maximum second-order moments values were generated in the case of = 180 due to the influence of interactions between main pipe flows and jet flows from the branch pipe. (4)According to the increase of Reynolds number, significant area of second-order moments was expanded due to the activation of turbulence mixing in the main pipe.
; *
JNC TN9450 2000-002, 335 Pages, 1999/10
JNC-TN9450-2000-002.pdf:21.65MB
This report summarizes the material test dala of SUS304 welded joints. Numbers of the data are as follows: [Tensile tests 71 (Post-irradiation: 39, others: 32) [Creep tests 77 (Post-irradiation: 20, others: 57) [Fatigue tests 50 (Post-irradiation: 0) [Creep-fatigue tests 14 (Post-irradiation: 0) This report consists of the printouts from "the structural material data processing system".
; *
JNC TN9450 2000-001, 1370 Pages, 1999/10
JNC-TN9450-2000-001.pdf:117.18MB
This report summarizes the material test data of SUS304. Numbers of the data are as follows. (1)Tensile tests 738 (Post-irradiation: 250, others: 488) (2)Creep tests 434 (Post-irradiation: 89, others: 345) (3)Fatigue tests 612 (Post-irradiation: 60, others: 552) (4)Creep-fatigue tests 200 (Post-irradiation: 40, others: 160) This report consists of the printouts from "the structural material data processing system".
; Aoto, Kazumi;
JNC TN9400 99-061, 32 Pages, 1999/07
In this report, reconstruction of magnetic charges induced by mechanical damages in a test piece of SUS304 stainless steel is performed as a part of eforts to establish a passive nondestructive testing method on the basis of the inspection of leakage magnetic field. The approach for solving this typical ill-posed inverse problem is selected as a way in the least square method category. Concerning the ill-poseness of the system of equations, an iteration algorithm is adopted to its solving in which the designations of initial profile, the weight coefficients and the total number of iterations are taken as means of reqularization. From examples using simulated input data, it is verified that the approach gives good reconstruction results in case of signals with a relative high S/N ratio. For improving the robustness of the proposed method, a Galerkin procedure with base functions chosen as the Daubechies' wavelet is also introduced for discretizing the governing equation. By comparing the reconstruction results of the least square method and those using wavelet discretization, it is found that the wavelet used approach is more feasible in the inversion of noise polluted signals. Reconstruction of 1-D and 2-D magnetic charges with the least square strategy and reconstruction of an 1-D problem with the wavelet used method are carried out from both simulated and measured magnetic field signals which are used as the validation of the proposed inversion strategy.
Tokuhiro, Akira; Kimura, Nobuyuki;
JNC TN9400 2000-014, 86 Pages, 1999/06
JNC-TN9400-2000-014.pdf:11.72MB
Experiments were performed using the WAJECO facility to investigate the thermohydraulic mixing of multiple jets flowing out of a LMFBR core. Mixing is the root of the thermal striping problem. The multiple jets are typically at different velocities and temperatures and may induce thermal stresses upon components they impinge. In our study we modeled the mixing of three vertical jets, the central at a lower temperature than the two adjacent jets at equal temperatures. The jets are quasi-planar. The parameters were the average exit jet velocities (Uo,av) and the temperature difference between the "cold" and "hot" jets (
Thc=Thot-Tcold). Measurements of the liquid velocity, initially using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and later ultrasound Doppler velocimetry (UDV), for both our reference single-jet and the triple-jet configuration, comprised Phase I of the experiments (up to 1994). Two reports (TN9410 96-181 and TN9410 96-296; in Japanese) reported on the hydraulic and heat tra
Kasahara, Naoto; Yacumpai, A.*; Takasho, Hideki*
JNC TN9400 99-019, 34 Pages, 1999/02
At incomplete mixing area of high temperature and low temperature fluids near the surface of structures, temperature fluctuation of fluid gives thermal fatigue damage to wall structures. This thermohydraulic and thermomechanical coupled phenomenon is called thermal striping, which has so complex mechanism and sometimes causes crack initiation on the structural surfaces that rational evaluation methods are required for screening rules in design codes. In this study, frequency response characteristics of structures and its mechanism were investigated by both numerical and theoretical methods. Based on above investigation, a structural response diagram was derived, which can predict stress amplitude of structures from temperature amplitude and frequency of fluids. Furthermore, this diagram was generalized to be the Non-dimensional structural response diagram by introducing non-dimensional parameters such as Biot number, non-dimensional frequency, and non-dimensional stress. The use of the Non-dimensional structural response diagram appears to evaluate thermal stress caused by thermal striping, rapidly without structural analysis, and rationally with considering attenuation by non-stationary heat transfer and thermal unloading. This diagram can also give such useful information as sensitive frequency range to adjust coupled thermohydraulic and thermomechanical analysis models taking account of four kinds of attenuation factors: turbulent mixing, molecular diffusion, non-stationaly heat transfer, and thermal unloading.
PNC TN9410 98-013, 48 Pages, 1998/03
Thermal striping phenomena characterized by stationary random temperature fluctuation are observed in the region immediately above the core exit of liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors (LMFBRs) due to the interactions of cold sodium flowing out of a control rod (C/R) assembly and hot sodium flowing out of adjacent fuel assemblies (F/As). Therefore the in-vessel components located in the core outlet region, such as upper core structure (UCS), flow guide tube, C/R upper guide tube, etc., must be protected against the stationary random thermal process which might induce high-cycle fatigue. In this study, frequency characteristics of stationary random temperature fluctuations were investigated by the use of the time-series data from parallel impinging jet experiments, TIFFSS-I. From the investigations, the following results have been obtained; [Auto-Power Spectral Density Functions] (1)Higher frequency componets were decreased drastically with the close to the test piece surface, due to the presence of filtering effect by the laminar sub-layer and heat tansfer to the surface from coolant. (2)Dependence to the nozzle velocities was observed at the outside and inside positions of the laminar sub-layer region. It was due to the increasing of turbulent intensities with increase of the nozzle velocities. [Coherence Functions] (1)Coherency between outer temperatures of the laminar sub-layer was very small. 0ne of the main reasons is that the outer temperatures of the laminar sub-1ayer were dominated by the stationary random phenomena of turbulence flows. (2)It was confirmed that the coherency between immediate positions of different thermocouples had relatively higher values. [Transfer Functions] (1)The dominant frequency band of the gain was about 3 - 10 Hz for the transfer functions of the outer position to the inner position of the laminar sub-layer, and of the inner position of the laminar sub-layer to the test piece surface. (2)There wasno dependence of ...
PNC TN9410 98-007, 93 Pages, 1998/02
This report presents numeical results on thermal striping charactelistics at a tee junction of LMFBR coolant pipe, carried out using a direct numerical simulation code DINUS-3. In the numerical investigations, it was considered a tee junction system consisted of a main pipe (1.33 cm) with a 90 elbow and a branch pipe having same inner diameter to the main pipe, and five velocity ratio conditions between both the pipes, i,e., (V
/ V
) = 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0. From the numerical investigations, the following characteristics were obtained: (1)Temperature fluctuations in the downstream region of the tee junction were formulated by lower frequency components (< 7.0Hz) due to the iteractions between main pipe flows and jet flows from the branch pipe, and higher frequency components (> 10.0 Hz) generated by the vortex released frequency from the outer edge of the branch pipe jet flows. (2)On the top plane of the main pipe, peak values of the temperature fluctuation amplitude was decreased with increasing flow velocity in the main pipe, and its position was shifted to downstream direction of the main pipe by the increase of the main pipe flow velocity. (3)On the bottom plane of the main pipe, contrary to (2), peak values of the temperature fluctuation amplitude was increased with increasing flow velocity in the main pipe.
Isozaki, Kazunori;
PNC TN9410 97-062, 169 Pages, 1997/05
Sodium leak accident of MONJU was caused high cycles fatigue damage of thermometer well by flow-induced vibration. It was due to the sy㎜etric vortex shedding which was occurred rear flow of thermometer well. So, Thermometer wells installed in primary and secondary heat transport systems of JOYO were evaluated of flow-induced vibration. Evaluation of flow-induced vibration of thermometer well was done checking of flow-induced vibration base on authorized design report for JOYO, evaluation of summary flow-induced vibration by natural frequency of thermometer well in sodium as cantilever models, and evaluation based on small velocity rule of ASME Code Section III Appendix N-1300. By this result, thermometer wells (12B piping of secondary cooling system) were not sattisfied requirement to avoid flow-induced vibration by small velocity rule. Therfore, Detailed vibration characteristic analysis, water flow-induced vibration test, dumping test and evaluation of structural integrity were carried out. These results, vibration amplitude of well on the tip was 0.13mm (vibration non-dimensional amplitude of 0.015) and peak stress of 2.9kg/mm
is occurred. Thermometer wells (12B piping of secondary cooling system) which occurred peak stress by flow vibration was confirmed enough to satisfy 5.3kg/mm2 of design fatigue limit.
Wakai, Takashi; Aoto, Kazumi
PNC TN9420 97-003, 11 Pages, 1996/12
Generally, it is required several periods for the damage initiation due to erosion. Such periods are called incubation time. This report describes the calculation of incubation time for erosion of a carbon steel subjected to dripping liquid sodium at elevated temperature, assuming fatigue plays the significant role in the early stage of erosion. It is clalified that the incubation time is remarkably long and it is needless to consider the damage due to erosion if there is no material property degradation. However, taking the material property degradation of carbon steel and liquid sodium into account, the incubation time may be short less than 1 hour in the most pessimistic case. So in this case, erosion must be considered as one of the damage mechanisms of carbon steel.
Aoto, Kazumi; ;
PNC TN9410 97-037, 51 Pages, 1996/11
The basic material properties of a rolled steel for welded structure (present standard name is SM400B, old standard name SM41B) which is used as the liner plate in SHTS cells of "Monju plant". Based on the material testing data for evaluation of structural integity of the liner during sodium leakage are tentatively proposed. Main basic material properties are shown as follows. (1)The 0.2% offset yield stress (lower yield point). (2)The ultimate tensile strength. (3)The modulus of the longitudinal elasticity. (4)Static stress-strain relation. (Physical property in Ludwik equation). (5)The creep strain. (6)The linear thermal expansion coefficient. (7)The density. (8)A specific heat. (9)The thermal conductivity.
PNC TN9410 96-136, 92 Pages, 1996/05
Thermal striping phenomena characterized by stationary random temperature fluctuations are observed in the region immediately above the core exit of liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors (LMFBRs) due to the interactions of cold sodium flowing out of a control rod (C/R) assembly and hot sodium flowing out of adjacent fuel assemblies (F/As). Therefore the in-vessel components located in the core outlet region, such as upper core structure (UCS), flow guide tube, C/R upper guide tube, etc, must be protected against the stationary random thermal process which might induce high-cycle fatigue. In this study, thermally response characteristics of the flow guide tube made by SUS 316 stainless steels were investigated using a boundary element method code BEMSET under the temperature transient conditions of Sine wave, quasi-random wave, and Sine wave with quasi-random components. From the numerical investigations, it was concluded that the detailed handling on turbulence phenomena in coolant is very important in the evaluation of actual LMFBRs, because of the thermally response of the structures are influenced significantly on random fluctuating components.